全球越赤道气流的时空变化

ON THE SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL VARIATION OF THE CROSS-EQUATORIAL CURRENTS AROUND THE GLOBE

摘要:

本文首先通过850和200毫巴空间、时间剖面图讨论了全球越赤道气流的时空变化。在东半球夏季各月大气低层存在5条越赤道的偏南气流通道,冬季转为偏北气流,呈现了季节性的年变。在西半球,有3条偏南气流和2条偏北气流通道,它们都未呈现出季节性的年变。其次阐述了它们与环流系统的关联。索马里急流的建立与维持,看来与澳大利亚、西太平洋副高和西风的某些先期变化有关系。它们可能说明全球不同地区大气环流系统季节性变化过程存在一定的时间序列。

Abstract:

In this paper, the spatial and temporal variations of cross-equatorial currents around the globe are shown and discussed firstly by the pressure-longitude vertical cross-sections and then by the time-longitude cross-sect ions at 850 mb and 200 mb level respectively. In lower layer of atmosphere over the eastern Hemisphere there exist 5 passages of southerly cross-equatorial currents during the summer months, which become northerly during the winter months, exhibiting annual variation of monsoon nature- But over the western Hemisphere there are 3 passages of southerly currents and 2 passages of northerly currents. They all do not change in direction for the whole year. And then the coherent circulation systems are elucidated-It is demonstrated that the establishment and maintenance of Somali Jet appear to be preceded by a certain precur -sory variations of the subtropical high and westerlies over Australia and West pacific. There may be a definite temporal sequence of processes in seasonal variation of the atmospheric circulation systems over different parts of the globe.