近40年中国区域的气候型变化与北半球大气环流特征10年际时空变化的关系

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE CLIMATIC PATTERN FLUCTUATION IN THE CHINESE REGION AND THE INTERDECADE SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL VARIATION OF THE ATMOSPHERE GENERAL CIRCULATION'S FEATURE IN NORTHERN HEMISPHERE IN THE LAST 40 YEARS

关键词:  区域气候型  北半球大气环流  10年际时空变化  遥相关结构

Key words:  Regional climate pattern  Atmosphere general circulation of northern hemisphere  Interdecade spatial and temporal variation  Teleconnection structure

摘要:

采用国家气象中心整编的1951-1990年中国160测站的月平均温度和月总降水量资料以及北半球500hPa月平均高度场和海平面气压场资料,讨论近40年来中国气候型转变与北半球大气环流特征的变化关系。研究结果表明,中国气候型转变与北半球大气环流特征的10年际变化密切相关,即中国气候型(“冷湿型”、“暖干型”)的10年际变化与北半球大气活动中心、海平面气压经向廓线、北大西洋涛动(NAO)、北太平洋涛动(NPO)的遥相关结构、西风带行星波动位相、振幅及其西风基流局地变速、平均经圈环流的长期演变特征存在显着的相关关系。

Abstract:

Monthly mean values of temperature, total rainfall for 160 stations in China and 500 hPa heights and sea surface pressure for northern hemisphere, compiled by the State Meterological Center for the years of 1951-1990, are used to study the relationship between the switch of the Climate patterns in China and the variations of the characteristics of general circulation in northern hemisphere. The results Show that the 10-year annual variations of the "cold wet" and "warm dry" patterns in China are significantly correlated with a)longterm evolutionary characteristics of atmospheric activities centers in N H' b) meridional profiles of sea surface pressure,c) Northern Atlantic Oscillations, d) teleconnection of North Pacific Oscillation, e) phase, amplitude of westerly planetary wave,f) local velocity change in the basic flow, and finally, g) long-term evolution of mean meridional circulation.