福建省晋江市城市热岛强度时空变化特征分析

ANALYSIS OF SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL VARIATIONS ON URBAN HEAT ISLAND IN JINGJIANG, FUJIAN

关键词:  应用气象学  城市热岛  普通克里金插值法  时空变化特征  晋江市  城市功能区

Key words:  Applied meteorology  Urban heat island(UHI)  Ordinary Kriging(OK)  Spatial and temporal variations  Jinjiang  Urban function areas

摘要:

利用传统的气象站法，结合空间统计学方法(普通克里金插值法)，对福建省晋江市2010—2014年40个自动气象站逐小时温度资料加以计算处理，分析了晋江市年、季、昼夜热岛强度时空变化规律。(1) 晋江市年、季、昼夜热岛强度都呈带状分布，等值线呈西南-东北走向，年、季、昼夜变化趋势显著，北部热岛强度高于南部。五年间热岛强度持续增强，但增幅不大，增速放缓。(2) 城市化水平的提高，会导致热岛强度高值出现季节提前，故旅游区秋冬季热岛强度高于春夏季，中心城区和产业经济区夏秋季热岛强度高于冬春季。(3) 晋江市热岛效应昼夜空间分布格局差异性大，夜间热岛强度显著高于白天，最低值出现在14—16时，中心城区和产业经济区最低值出现时间较旅游区略推迟，三个功能区的最高值均出现在凌晨。

Abstract:

The annual, seasonal and diurnal variations on urban heat island in Jinjiang, Fujian were analyzed based on 2010—2014 hourly temperature data of 40 automatic weather stations which were calculated using weather station methods combined with spatial statistic methods (Ordinary Kriging, OK). The results were shown as follows: (1) The annual, seasonal and diurnal intensity was zonal distribution and varied significantly. The isoline of urban heat island intensity was directed from southwest to northeast. The intensity in the northern part was higher than that in the southern part. The intensity kept increasing during the five years with small amplitude and gradual slowdown speed. (2) The high intensity appeared in advance with the improvement of urbanization so that intensity in winter and autumn were higher than that in spring and summer in tourist areas while in industrial zones and in city center, intensity in summer and autumn were higher than that in spring and winter. (3) The diurnal spatial distribution of Jinjiang heat island effect varied differently. The intensity at night was significantly higher than that in the daytime. The minimum of tourist areas appeared at about 14 p m to 16 p m while the minimum of city center and industrial zones were slightly delayed. The maxmum all appeared in the early time in the morning.