| 摘要: |
| 浓雾不仅严重威胁着航空运行安全，而且导致的航班延误和取消亦给航空公司和社会经济效益带来巨大损失，因此开展机场爆发性浓雾的研究具有重要的科学意义和应用价值。利用常规气象观测资料、ECMWF细网格精细化数值预报产品(简称EC)和NCEP全球再分析资料，对2016年4月16日21:03—17日8:13(北京时)发生在厦门机场的一次爆发性浓雾天气过程进行分析，结果表明：海风和地面长波辐射为本次浓雾爆发性形成提供主要热力冷却条件。雾前10 min海风风速的突增使空气过饱和度增大，促使了雾的生成和爆发性增长。潮湿土壤的蒸发提供了充足水汽，也是雾第二次爆发性增长的直接原因。850 hPa以下显著增温增湿和700 hPa下沉运动维持了贴地强逆温，为雾爆发性形成提供了极稳定的层结条件。EC对此次浓雾形成的重要因子预报能力差异较大，虽然能准确预报海风的形成和机场入夜后云量的骤减，但对于海风预报的稳定性有待提高。 |
| 关键词: 浓雾 爆发性 海风 强逆温 |
| DOI：10.16032/j.issn.1004-4965.2020.046 |
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| ANALYSIS OF THE WEATHER CONDITIONS OF A DENSE FOG BURST AT XIAMEN AIRPORT IN 2016 |
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LUO Zhong-hong,1,2, JIANG Hang-dong3, LIANG Sheng4, LIANG Ai-min4
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1. Aviation Meteorological Center, Air Traffic Management Bureau, CAAC, Beijing 100122, China;2. CAAC Xiamen Air Traffic Management Station, Xiamen 361006, China;3.CAAC Xiamen Air Traffic Management Station, Xiamen 361006, China;4.Aviation Meteorological Center, Air Traffic Management Bureau, CAAC, Beijing 100122, China
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| Abstract: |
| Dense fog not only threatens aviation safety, but also results in flight delays and cancellations which cause huge losses to airlines and socio-economic benefits. Therefore, the study of dense fog bursts in airports has important scientific significance and application value. By using conventional meteorological observational data, ECMWF-thin products (referred to as EC) and NCEP global reanalysis data, this paper analyzed a dense fog burst that occurred at Xiamen Airport from 21:03(Beijing time) April 16 to 8:13 April 17, 2016. The results showed that sea breeze and long-wave radiation on the ground provided main thermal cooling conditions for the formation and explosive growth of the fog. The sudden acceleration of sea breeze ten minutes before the fog increased the air super-saturation, which promoted the generation and explosive growth of the fog. The evaporation of moist soil provided sufficient water vapor, which directly caused the second explosive growth of the fog. The significant temperature and humidification increase below 850hPa and the sinking movement under 700hPa maintained the strong inverse temperature near the ground, providing extremely stable stratification conditions for the formation and explosive growth of the fog. The EC’s ability to forecast important factors for the formation of this dense fog varied greatly. Although it accurately predicted the formation of sea breezes and the sudden drop of cloud cover at night, the stability of its sea breeze forecast needs to be improved. |
| Key words: dense fog explosive growth sea breeze strong inverse temperature |
