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| 2017-08-11内蒙赤峰EF4级山地多发龙卷灾调与成因分析 |
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黎立页1,2,3,4, 孟智勇4, 白兰强3,4, 李巍5, 马小林6, 韩经纬6, 炎利军3, 姚聃1,7, 程银琳3
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1.中国气象科学研究院灾害天气国家重点实验室，北京100081;2.中国科学院大学，北京100049;3.佛山市龙卷风研究中心，广东佛山528000;4.北京大学物理学院大气与海洋科学系/中国气象局龙卷风重点开放实验室，北京100871;5.通辽市气象局，内蒙古通辽028000;6.6.内蒙古自治区气象局，内蒙古呼和浩特0100517.中国气象局气象探测中心，北京100081;7.0
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| 摘要: |
| 2017年8月11日下午，三个EF4级龙卷袭击了内蒙古自治区赤峰市的地形复杂地区，造成5人死亡，58人受伤。这是1961年以来中国有记录的最强山地龙卷事件。首先给出了此次龙卷过程的灾情调查结果，接下来分析了此次龙卷母体风暴-龙卷超级单体产生的天气背景、关键环境参数以及多普勒天气雷达观测特征。本次龙卷事件发生在东北冷涡东南象限的地面锋前和干线向湿侧发展处，CAPE(对流有效位能)值为1 800 J/kg，0～6 km风垂直切变为12.9 m/s，0～1 km风垂直切变达到10.8 m/s；同时，0～1 km相对风暴螺旋度达到67.3 m2/s2，接近美国龙卷发生环境的中位数，有利于超级单体龙卷的发生。现场灾害调查发现，灾害路径具有多涡旋和不连续的特点，可能与当地的复杂地形有关。基于多普勒天气雷达相对径向速度图识别出三个龙卷涡旋特征(TVS)，TVS径向速度差最大达到38 m/s。三个龙卷及对应TVS出自同一个超级单体的同一个中气旋，其中两个TVS出现时间重叠。 |
| 关键词: EF4级龙卷 灾害调查 复杂地形 赤峰 多普勒雷达 |
| DOI：10.16032/j.issn.1004-4965.2023.046 |
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| DAMAGE SURVEY AND ANALYSIS OF A MULTIPLE TORNADO EVENT OVER COMPLEX TERRAIN IN CHIFENG, INNER MONGOLIA ON 11 AUGUST 2017 |
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LI Liye1,2,3,4, MENG Zhiyong4, BAI Lanqiang3,4, LI Wei5, MA Xiaolin6, HAN Jingwei6, YAN Lijun3, YAO Dan1,7, CHENG Yinlin3
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1.Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;3.Foshan Tornado Research Center, Foshan Meteorological Service, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China;4.Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, School of Physics, Peking University/CMA Key Open Lab on Tornado, Beijing 100871, China;5.Meteorological Bureau of Tongliao, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 028000, China;6.6.Meteorological Bureau of Inner Mongolia, Huhhot 010051, China;7.7.CMA Meteorological Observation Centre, Beijing 100081, China
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| Abstract: |
| In the afternoon of 11 August 2017, three EF4 tornadoes occurred over the complex terrain in Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, China, causing five fatalities and 58 injuries. It is the most violent tornado event ever recorded on a hilly plateau in China since 1961. First, the results of a damage survey are presented in this work. Then, synoptic environments and key mesoscale parameters of the parent storm, a tornadic supercell, are analyzed, together with the signatures of tornadoes on a Doppler weather radar. This event occurred in the pre-frontal quadrant of the Northeast China Cold Vortex (NCCV) and on a bulge toward the moist side of a dry line associated with the NCCV. The CAPE (Convective Available Potential Energy) was 1 800 J/kg. The vertical wind shears in the 0~6 km and 0~1 km layer were 12.9 m/s and 10.8 m/s, respectively. The 0~1 km storm relative helicity (SRH) reached 67.3 m2/s2, which is close to the statistical median of U.S. climatology, indicating a storm environment favorable for tornadic supercells. Multiple vortices and an intermittent damage swath were observed via the Doppler weather radar, which was likely to result from the local complex terrain. The evolution of three radar-based tornado vortex signatures (TVS) were recognized, and the peak strength (maximum gate-to-gate azimuth radial velocity difference) reached 38 m/s. The three tornadoes and related TVS were generated from the same mesocyclone from a tornadic supercell, and two of them were overlapped in time. |
| Key words: EF4 tornado damage survey complex terrain Chifeng Doppler radar |