台风低压发展的数值模拟研究——凝结加热廓线的影响

A NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE TYPHOON DEPRESSION-INFLUENCE OF CONDENSATIONAL HEATING PROFILE

摘要:

本文用一个同时考虑Ekman抽吸和积云动量输送作用的二维轴对称原始方程模式,就对流凝结加热廓线对台风低压发展的影响进行了数值模拟研究。试验结果表明,对流层中下部有较强加热时,模式台风低压的低压环流发展较快;对流层上部有较强加热时,系统结构更类似于实际台风。在台风低压发展过程中,对流凝结加热廓线也会改变,最强加热可能由对流层中下部向中上层发展和传播,从而,台风低压发展既快、系统结构又类似于实际台风。这样一种过程可能正是热带低压发展为台风的一般过程。

Abstract:

By using a 2-dimensional axial symmetrical PEM,in which the Ekmau pumping and the cumulus momentum transport are included,the influences of the condensational heating profile on the development of the typhoon depression have been investigated in this paper. The results of numerical simulation show that ths circulation of the modeling typhoon develops faster in the lower troposphere if there is stronger heating in the middle-lower troposphere; the structure of the modling typhoon is more similar to real typhoon when the stronger heating is in upper troposphere.In the process of typhoon depression development,the profile of convective condensation heating will be changed. The maximum heating may develop and transport from middle-lower troposphere to middle-upper troposphere. Thus,typhoon depression can not only develop fast and the structure is also similar to real typhoon. This process may be a general process of the tropical depression developing into typhoon.